Kupanga Dzira Padziko Lonse Kumapitiriza Kukula
Pazaka khumi zapitazi, kupanga mazira padziko lonse lapansi kwawonetsa chidwi chochuluka. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wochokera ku zowonjezera dzira la FAO wakula kuchoka pa matani 61.7 miliyoni mchaka cha 2008 kufika mamiliyoni 76.7 miliyoni mchaka cha 2018 - chiwonetsero chachikulu cha 24% muzaka khumi. Chithunzi 1 chikuwonetsa chitukuko cha kupanga mazira kuyambira 2000, chikuwonetsa kukula kosalekeza kopanga mazira padziko lonse lapansi.
Mu 2018, China idatulutsa mazira 466 biliyoni (34% yopanga dziko lapansi), kuwapanga kukhala opanga wamkulu kwambiri patali. China ikutsatiridwa ndi EU, USA ndi India, ndi zigawo zinayi zapamwamba kwambiri zomwe zimatulutsa mazira pafupifupi 60% padziko lapansi. Chithunzi 2 chikuwonetsa mndandanda wa omwe amapanga mazira 10 apamwamba, omwe amapanga 76% ya dzira padziko lapansi.
Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakumadyedwa kwa mazira pakati pa maiko. Pomwe kupanga mazira padziko lonse lapansi mu 2018 kumagawidwa ndi anthu padziko lonse lapansi okwana 7.6 biliyoni, anthu wamba amagwiritsa mazira 161 pa munthu pachaka. Zambiri za IEC za chaka cha 2018 zikuwonetsa kusiyana pakati pa mazira ambiri ku Mexico (mazira 368) ndi Japan (337) ndi kumwa kotsika ku South Africa (130). Mayiko okhala ndi anthu ambiri ndi osiyana ndi dzira ku China la 255 mazira ndi India 76 mazira. Pafupifupi EU ndi mazira 210 pamunthu pachaka, ngakhale mkati mwazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi EU zimasiyananso kuchokera ku Spain (mazira 273) ndi Denmark (248) kutsikira ku Poland (mazira 145) ndi Portugal (mazira 146).
A Peter van Horne ndi a Economic Analyst a IEC ndipo ndi katswiri wazachuma ku Wageningen University ndi Research ku Netherlands. Ndiwodziwika bwino ku Europe wa nkhuku zachuma ndipo amagwira ntchito zofufuza za nkhuku zaboma ndi mafakitale omwe amayang'ana kwambiri zachuma chachitetezo cha nyama, kuteteza zachilengedwe, thanzi lanyama ndi mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi.